Chapter Seven Review

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Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

The War Hawks favored

a.	a strong military.	c.	strong federal economic policies.
b.	western expansion.	d.	all of the above

What was one reason Barbary pirates were successful?

a.	The War of 1812 provided income.
b.	They had some support from North African governments.
c.	They were trained in the British Navy.
d.	All of the above

How did Tecumseh attempt to deal with white settlers on Native American land?

a.	by building a confederacy	c.	by creating a new religion
b.	by moving to Canada	d.	by adopting American ways

Neutral rights included the right to

a.	search and seize ships.	c.	impress sailors.
b.	not take sides in a war.	d.	declare war.

Why did the United States declare war on Britain in 1812?

a.	The War Hawks wanted to expand the nation’s power.
b.	The British had impressed thousands of U.S. sailors.
c.	Americans believed the British were supporting the Native Americans.
d.	All of the above

President James Monroe used his 1817 Inaugural Address to

a.	outline a new policy toward Native Americans.
b.	issue the Monroe Doctrine.
c.	express a sense of pride and faith in the United States.
d.	declare war on Britain.

In the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819,

a.	the United States gave up claims to Texas.
b.	Spain recognized the U.S. claim to Oregon Country.
c.	The United States gained control of Florida.
d.	All of the above

Why did Americans want to settle Mexican territory?

a.	They wanted the United States to expand to the Pacific.
b.	The rest of the country was overcrowded.
c.	Large tracts of frontier land had been granted to Native Americans.
d.	All of the above.

Latin American leaders fighting for independence were

a.	always unsuccessful.
b.	inspired by the American Revolution.
c.	supported by Spain.
d.	dismayed by the Monroe Doctrine.

10.

Which of the following was within the boundary of the Louisiana Purchase?

a.	Texas	c.	Arkansas Territory
b.	Oregon Country	d.	Mississippi

11.

Who owned Oregon country?

a.	It became an independent country.
b.	It belonged to the French.
c.	It was divided into American and British portions.
d.	Native Americans owned it by treaty.

12.

The boundary between the United States and Canada was

a.	set at the 49th parallel.	c.	set in the Adams-Onís Treaty.
b.	set in the Treaty of Ghent.	d.	guarded by the military until 1900.

Brothers—The white men are not friends to the Indians: at first, they only asked for land sufficient for a wigwam; now, nothing will satisfy them but the whole of our hunting grounds, from the rising to the setting sun . . .
Brothers—My people are brave and numerous; but the white people are too strong for them alone. I wish you to take up the tomahawk with them. . . .
Brothers—If you do not unite with us, they will first destroy us. . . . They have destroyed many nations of red men because they were not united. . . .
Brothers—We must be united; we must smoke the same pipe; we must fight each other’s battles; and more than all, we must love the Great Spirit; he is for us; he will destroy our enemies, and make his red children happy.

—Tecumseh’s message to the Osage, 1811

13.

Why does Tecumseh say the white men are not friends to the Indians?

a.	Whites want land for a home.
b.	Whites want all Native American lands.
c.	Whites worship a different God.
d.	Whites attack Native Americans for no reason.

14.

What did Tecumseh wish to do?

a.	escape to Canada	c.	preach about the Great Spirit
b.	encourage nations to separate	d.	build a confederacy

15.

Tecumseh believed the U.S. government made treaties with separate nations to

a.	keep Native Americans from uniting.
b.	give Native Americans land.
c.	ensure adequate land for Native Americans.
d.	destroy the Native American religion.

16.

American neutral rights were violated when

a.	pirates attacked merchant ships.
b.	Britain impressed American citizens.
c.	the United States paid a ransom for release of prisoners.
d.	British sailors deserted the navy.

17.

Who was the Prophet?

a.	a Native American leader who was defeated at the Battle of Tippecanoe
b.	Tecumseh
c.	a preacher at many revivals of the Second Great Awakening
d.	a powerful Ohio settler

18.

The Embargo Act of 1807

a.	wiped out U.S. foreign trade.	c.	lasted only three years.
b.	made many Americans angry.	d.	all of the above

19.

Republican congressmen who favored war with Britain were called

a.	War Hawks	c.	Young Turks
b.	Federalists	d.	Cherokee

20.

Early in the War of 1812,

a.	the national government received the support of all the states.
b.	Native Americans allied with the United States
c.	Native Americans won the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.
d.	the Americans won several battles.

21.

Why did the British win battles against the Americans in 1814?

a.	They built more warships.
b.	Their resources were no longer divided between two wars.
c.	Native Americans joined the effort.
d.	Many American soldiers began to desert the army.

22.

What song was inspired by the attack of Fort McHenry?

a.	“Yankee Doodle”	c.	“America the Beautiful”
b.	“The Star Spangled Banner”	d.	“This Land Is Your Land”

23.

The War of 1812 led to

a.	strong American patriotism.	c.	Native Americans giving up land.
b.	no concessions by the British.	d.	all of the above

24.

John Quincy Adams settled disputes with Great Britain

a.	to allow the United States to develop in peace
b.	because Britain had a more powerful military
c.	due to the antiwar movement in the United States
d.	to gain control of Louisiana Territory

25.

What was the Monroe Doctrine?

a.	a U.S. policy against European colonization of the Americas
b.	a peace treaty with Britain
c.	a peace treaty with the Cherokee
d.	a justification for westward expansion

26.

When did the Federalist Party end?

a.	about 1792	c.	about 1820
b.	about 1816	d.	about 1825

27.

Why was the period 1820 to 1825 called the Era of Good Feelings?

a.	There was a lack of political divisions after the War of 1812.
b.	The Democratic Party had emerged.
c.	Americans thought themselves superior to the British.
d.	The Hamiltonians were in control.

28.

During the Era of Good Feelings, the United States

a.	forged better relationships with foreign powers.
b.	rapidly industrialized.
c.	established good relations with Native Americans.
d.	had two major political parties.

In the wars of the European powers in matters relating to themselves we have never taken any part . . . It is only when our rights are invaded or seriously menaced that we resent injuries or make preparation for our defense. With the movements in this hemisphere we are of necessity more immediately connected. . . . The political system of the allied powers is essentially different in this respect from that of America. This difference proceeds from that which exists in their respective Governments; and to the defense of our own, which has been achieved by the loss of so much blood and treasure . . . and under which we have enjoyed unexampled felicity [happiness] . . . We owe it, therefore, . . . to the amicable [friendly] relations existing between the United States and those powers to declare that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety.

—Message of President James Monroe to Congress, 2 December 1823

29.

President Monroe declared that European interference in the Americas would be viewed as

a.	attempts at friendship.	c.	dangerous to U.S. safety.
b.	acts of war.	d.	welcome.

30.

What did President Monroe emphasize the United States and Latin American countries had in common?

a.	they were all currently colonies	c.	their independence from Europe
b.	their representative democracies	d.	their happiness

31.

This speech later became known as

a.	the Monroe Doctrine.	c.	the demilitarized zone.
b.	the Adams-Onís Treaty.	d.	the Era of Good Feelings.

“Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That an embargo be, and hereby is laid on all ships and vessels in the ports and places within the limits or jurisdiction of the United States, cleared or not cleared, bound to any foreign port or place; and that no clearance be furnished to any ship or vessel bound to such foreign port or place, except vessels under the immediate direction of the President of the United States . . .”

–The Embargo Act, December 1807

32.

The practice of impressment, or forcing people to serve in the navy, by which country was the target of the Embargo Act?

a.	Great Britain	c.	Spain
b.	France	d.	Portugal

33.

An embargo prohibits _______ with another country.

a.	war	c.	sovereignty
b.	travel	d.	trade

“. . . [O]nce, nor until lately, there was no white man on this continent. That it then all belonged to red men, children of the same parents, placed on it by the Great Spirit that made them, to keep it, to traverse it, to enjoy its productions, and to fill it with the same race. Once a happy race. Since made miserable by the white people, who are never contented, but always encroaching. The way, and the only way to check and stop this evil, is, for all the red men to unite in claiming a common and equal right in the land, as it was at first, and should be yet; for it never was divided, but belongs to all, for the use of each. That no part has a right to sell, even to each other, much less to strangers, those who want all, and will not do with less. The white people have no right to take the land from the Indians, because they had it first; it is theirs. They may sell, but all must join. Any sale not made by all is not valid. The late sale is bad. It was made by a part only.”

– Tecumseh, Shawnee leader

34.

Which statement best describes Tecumseh’s view on the sale of land?

a.	Anyone can sell the land their people live on for the best price they can get.
b.	The Great Spirit gave the land to all red men, individual group do not have the right to sell it.
c.	Native Americans may only trade land among themselves, not with whites.
d.	The Great Spirit gave the land to the settlers to share equally with the Native American peoples.

“Brothers: Since the peace was made,you have killed some of the Shawnees, Winnebagoes, Delawares, and Miamis, and you have taken our land from us; and I do not see how we can remain at peace if you continue to do so. You try to force the red people to do some injury; it is you who are pushing them on to do mischief. You try to keep the tribes apart, and make distinctions among them.”

35.

The Shawnee chief Tecumseh felt that the United States was trying to prevent the Native American peoples from becoming stronger by uniting. Which U.S. government official is he especially addressing in this excerpt from an 1810 speech in Vincennes, the Indiana Territory?

a.	President James Madison	c.	Henry Clay
b.	the Prophet	d.	General William Henry Harrison

36.

Shortly after this speech was made, many Native Americans were killed in the Battle of ________.

a.	Shawnee	c.	Tippecanoe
b.	War Hawks	d.	Tenskwatawa

O! say can you see by the dawn’s early light,
What so proudly we hailed at the twilight’s last gleaming,
Whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight,
O’er the ramparts we watch’d, were so gallantly streaming?
And the Rockets’ red glare, the Bombs bursting in air,
Gave proof through the night that our Flag was still there; . . .

–”The Star-Spangled Banner,” 1812

37.

While Francis Scott Key, the author of this song, watched anxiously through the night of September 13–14, the bombardment from Fort McHenry in the _____, harbor successfully prevented British forces from entering the city.

a.	Charleston, South Carolina	c.	Washington, D.C.
b.	Baltimore, Maryland	d.	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

“[T]his was a night of dismay to the inhabitants . . . They were taken completely by surprise. . . . The first impulse of course tempted them to fly. . . . [T]he streets were . . . crowded with soldiers. . . men, women , and children, horses, carriages, and carts loaded with household furniture, all hastening towards a wooden bridge which crosses the [river]. The confusion . . . was terrible, and the crowd upon the bridge was such to endanger its giving way.”

38.

This excerpt is from a description of the burning by the British of which American city during the War of 1812?

a.	Baltimore	c.	Washington, D.C.
b.	New Orleans	d.	Detroit

39.

When the Embargo Act was passed, exports were at what level?

a.	about 170 million dollars	c.	about 120 million dollars
b.	about 180 million dollars	d.	about 150 million dollars

40.

Based on the graph, when were imports at the lowest level?

a.	1807	c.	1814
b.	1810	d.	1816

41.

The ship icons on the War of 1812 map represent what aspect of that war?

a.	British naval blockade	c.	American whaling fleet
b.	American naval blockade	d.	British trading centers

42.

In which year did American forces win the battle of Lake Champlain?

a.	1812	c.	1814
b.	1813	d.	1815

“If we look to the history of other nations, ancient or modern, we find no example of a growth so rapid, so gigantic, of a people so prosperous and happy.”

43.

On March 4, 1817, this expression of pride in the accomplishments of the United States was spoken at his inauguration by President _____.

a.	Andrew Jackson	c.	James Monroe
b.	John Marshall	d.	John Quincy Adams

“Do you know that European birds have not half the melody of ours? Nor is their fruit half so sweet, nor their flowers half so fragrant, nor their manners half so pure, nor their people half so virtuous.”
–Abigail Adams, letter to her sister in Massachusetts

44.

As this passage shows, Americans experienced a great upsurge in pride after the _____.

a.	Missouri Compromise	c.	Monroe Doctrine
b.	War of 1812	d.	Industrial Revolution

“. . . With the existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere. But with the Governments who have declared their independence and maintained it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them, or controlling in any other manner their destiny, by any European power in any other light than as the manifestation of any unfriendly disposition toward the United States. . . .”

45.

President James Monroe proclaimed the Monroe Doctrine in 1823. What is the main point of the Doctrine, as shown in this excerpt?

a.	The United States pledges to avoid all involvement in European affairs in return for favorable European trade.
b.	The United States, along with France’s military and economic help, has determined to conquer and rule the new independent nations of the Western Hemisphere.
c.	Only the United States, Canada, and Mexico should have influence in the Western Hemisphere.
d.	European oppression upon the newly independent nations of the Western Hemisphere will be treated as oppression upon the United States itself.

46.

The Gulf of Mexico forms the western border of Florida. Which body of water forms the eastern border?

a.	Pacific Ocean	c.	Atlantic Ocean
b.	Mississippi River	d.	Bay of Bengal

47.


From Spanish Colonies to Independent Countries
Spanish Colony	Independent Country	Date of Independence
New Granada	Columbia Ecuador Venezuela	1830 1830 1830
Peru	Chile Peru	1818 1824
Rio de la Plato	Argentina Paraguay Bolivia Uruguay	1810 1811 1825 1828

Which South American country gained independence from the Netherlands?

a.	Colombia	c.	Guyana
b.	Venezuela	d.	Suriname

48.

From Spanish Colonies to Independent Countries
Spanish Colony	Independent Country	Date of Independence
New Granada	Columbia Ecuador Venezuela	1830 1830 1830
Peru	Chile Peru	1818 1824
Rio de la Plato	Argentina Paraguay Bolivia Uruguay	1810 1811 1825 1828

What was the last Spanish Colony to gain independence?

a.	Peru	c.	New Granada
b.	Uruguay	d.	Rio de la Plato

49.

In a letter written to her sister after the war of 1812, President John Adam’s wife, Abigail, was implying that Americans were ________ to Europeans.

a.	superior	c.	tolerable
b.	inferior	d.	parallel

“Wherever the standard of freedom and independence has been or shall be unfurled, there will her heart, her benedictions, her prayers be.”
—Secretary of State John Quincy Adams

50.

In his speech to Congress in 1821, Adams meant that the United States should _______ colonies that wanted to gain their freedom.

a.	fight	c.	defeat
b.	challenge	d.	support

Essay

51.

What led to the death of the Federalist Party? What group in government carried on the Federalist philosophy?

52.

Why did the United States declare war on Britain in 1812?