CHAPTER THREE

STRENGTHS	WEAKNESSES
COULD CONDUCT FOREIGN POLICY	NEEDED NINE STATES TO PASS LAWS
ISSUE CURRENCY	CONSENT OF ALL STATES TO CHANGE THE ARTICLES
BORROW MONEY	COULD NOT REGULATE TRADE
MAINTAIN ARMED FORCES	COULD NOT FORCE SOLDIERS TO JOIN ARMY
	COULD NOT IMPOSE TAXES

 

Edmund Randolph	INTRODUCED THE VIRGINIA PLAN, WHICH CALLED FOR AN EXECUTIVE BRANCH OF GOVERNMENT
James Madison	PUT FORTH THE BASIC IDEAS IN THE VIRGINIA PLAN, WHICH CALLED FOR THREE EQUAL BRANCHES OF THE GOVERNMENT   WROTE THE CONSTITUTION AND CONTRIBUTED TO THE FEDERALIST PAPERS
Roger Sherman	PROPOSED THE GREAT COMPROMISE/CONNETICUTT COMPROMISE WHICH ALLOWED FOR EQUAL REPRESENTATION OF STATES IN THE SENATE AND PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION OF PEOPLE IN THE HOUSE
Daniel Shays	LED A REVOLT OVER UNFAIR TREATMENT OF VETERANS TAXATION. THIS REVOLT REVEALED THE INEFFECTIVENESS OF THE GOVERNMENT UNDER THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

 

Arguments for	Arguments against
STRONG NATIONAL (CENTRAL) GOVERNMENT TO PROVIDE ORDER AND COOPERATION BETWEEN THE STATES	HOW WOULD INDEPENDENT STATE GOVERNMENTS BE ABLE TO ASSERT THEIR AUTHORITY IF THEY WERE IN OPOOSITION TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION SO THAT POWER FOR THE GOVERNMENT WAS DERIVED OR CAME FROM THE PEOPLE	EQUAL REPRESENTATION FROM EACH STATE WAS MORE IMPORTANT THAN THE PEOPLES VOICE. THE PEOPLE WOULD BE REPRESENTED THROUGH THERIR STATES
	NO GUARANTEE OF INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS

 

4  Identify the checks and balances in the Constitution for each branch of power and provide an example

	President	Congress	Supreme Court
President		CAN   VETO	CAN   APPOINT JUSTICES
EXPLAIN		EXPLAIN   FORCE GREATER APPROVAL OF CONGRESS FOR A LAW	EXPLAIN   THE VALUES AND DECISIONS OF THE JUDGES WOULD HAVE A LONGER LASTING AFFECT ON OUR SYSTEM
Congress	CAN   OVER RIDE A VETO		CAN   ORGANIZE COURTS APPROVE JUDGES
EXPLAIN	EXPLAIN   2/3 MAJORITY CAN MAKE THE PRESIDENT EXECUTE A LAW SO THAT THE WILL OF THE PEOPLE IS EXECUTED		EXPLAIN   FEDERAL DISTRICT COURTS MRS. SOTOMAYOR
Supreme Court	CAN   DECLARE LAWS UNCONSTITUTIONAL	CAN   DECLARE LAWS UNCONSTITUTIONAL
EXPLAIN	EXPLAIN  MARBURY VS MADISON ESTABLISHED JUDICIAL REVIEW AND DECLARED THAT THE GOVERNMENT COULD ONLY ACT WITHIN THE LAW	EXPLAIN   BROWN VS BOARD OF EDUCATION MADE THE GOVERNMENT PROVIDE EQUAL EDUCATION THROUGH FORCED BUSSING

 

FEDERALIST	ANTIFEDERALIST
WANTED STRONG NATIONAL (CENTRAL) GOVERNMENT IN ORDER TO ENSURE LAWS WERE CARRIED OUT THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY	WANTED WEAKER NATIONAL (CENTRAL) GOVERNMENT TO PROTECT THE AUTHORITY OF THE STATE
FEARED DISORDERS SUCH AS SHAYS REBELLION IF STATES ENFORCED LAWS DIFFERENTLY	FEARED OPPRESSION BY THE EXECUTION BRANCH OVER THE AUTHORITY OF THE STATE. THEY REMEMBERED HOW THE KING TREATED THEM
	NO BILL OF RIGHTS. WHAT WERE GOING TO BE THE GUARANTEES OF INDIVIDUAL LIBERTY.

 

IDEAS	THINKERS
Natural Rights that could not be taken away and were described in the Declaration of Independence Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights describes limits on the government authority and power over people	John Locke and limited government
Separation of Powers Executive, Legislative, Judicial Checks and balances	Montesquieu and the Spirit of Laws described separation of powers
British Parlimentary System described a representative form of government British Legal System using the Rule of Law and Due Process	Thomas Paine and the reason for independence

EXTRA CREDIT:  John Peter Zenger was the editor of a newspaper that printed a story that was true, but was damaging to a politician.  His case led to the principle of Freedom of the Press to print the truth and that the government can not censor the truth.